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Paper Abstract: Description of the Roman Pantheon as the most significant representation of Roman architecture of the Hadrian period. The structure's main architectural features; its purpose and use in ancient Rome. The values it reflects. Paper Introduction: Marcus Agrippa Consul for the third time built this The above inscription is over the entrance to the Pantheon althoughthe first Roman Pantheon built by Augustus Caesar\'s architect and ministerMarcus Agrippa was destroyed in the great fire of A D Rebuilt byDomitian the temple burned again in A D and was rebuilt during thereign of Emperor Hadrian between and A D during the time when theRoman Empire attained the zenith of its material prosperity Kostof The Pantheon the most significant representation of Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. Theoculus, or "eye," on top of the dome is a round, unglazed opening, 3 feetin diameter. This opening in the center of the ceiling "is the sole sourceof light in the building" (Benton & Dyianni 177). Arts and Culture: An Introduction to the Humanities. The building isessentially a large drum-like cylinder topped by a rounded dome. The concrete dome of the Pantheon has been theinspiration for subsequent domed structures. A History of Architecture. One value that the ancient Romans possessed was high esteem forpracticality. New York: Abrams, 1977. Rebuilt byDomitian, the temple burned again in 11 A.D. Vol. Unlike the Greeks, Romanarchitects and engineers had a "genius for organization and problem-solving" that was put into use in the design and construction of thePantheon (Benton & Dyianni 16 ). The grandeur of scale of the Pantheon and its purpose ofworshipping all the gods -- gods, goddesses and particular Romans includingHadrian's family -- demonstrate the cultural, religious and politicalvalues of the ancient Roman Empire. Although they held the arts, literature, philosophy andreligion of Greece in high esteem, the Romans held the Greek culture's"lack of practical know-how" in low esteem. 2nd Ed. 1. Roman buildings such as the Pantheon were larger andmore ornate than the Greek models, such as the Parthenon. In addition,Roman architecture had the advantage of concrete as a building materialthat was less expensive and more plentiful than marble and materials usedby the Greeks. Uncertainty exists about the original purpose of the Pantheon, but itis clear that this ancient Roman building served the religious andpolitical values of the Emperor Hadrian who was responsible for itsrebuilding on the original site, as well as for its construction. The Pantheon is a combination of a classical temple front and a huge,domed rotunda that serves as the cella (the main room housing cult statuessuch as the deified Julius Caesar) of the temple. Roman Architecture. The Pantheon, likethe Roman Empire, was a temple of many units with a single pervading unity."The true religion was Romanism" (Kostof 218). This essay will discuss thePantheon's main architectural features, its purpose and use in ancientRome, and the values it reflects. The discovery of Roman pozzolano cement was a bigimprovement over ordinary lime mortar. Many innovations weredeveloped in Roman architecture including the arch and the use of bakedbrick, cement and concrete. Marcus Agrippa, Consul for the third time, built this. Ward-Perkins points out that the idea ofa temple as "something more than a rigidly enclosed rectangular box" was a"revolutionary innovation," and there was nowhere else that one couldexperience interior space of this scale (138). New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.Ward-Perkins, John B. and was rebuilt during thereign of Emperor Hadrian between 118 and 125 A.D., during the time when theRoman Empire "attained the zenith of its material prosperity" (Kostof 217).The Pantheon, the most significant representation of imperial Romanarchitecture of the Hadrian period, was conceived of as a temple to all thegods, and it reflects the political as well as the religious values of itstime. Hadrianused the Pantheon as a means of legitimating his own rule, including usingthe temple for governmental purposes by holding judicial court in theRotunda. Upper Saddle River: Prentice-Hall, Inc.,2 1.Kostof, Spiro. Works CitedBenton, Janetta Rebold and Robert Dyianni. The paramount theme was religious or cosmic, a temple to allthe gods, but the Pantheon also had a political content. As a technical achievement, the Pantheon is regarded as a culminationin Roman architecture, the "triumphant conclusion" of advances intechnology and of the Imperial style of architecture (Ward-Perkins 137)."The Pantheon was considered the most harmonious interior of antiquity"(Benton & Dyianni 176), and the "most important part of the Pantheon is theinterior" (Benton & Dyianni 176). "Faultless organization, daring, and aprodigious amount of labor were called for to achieve Hadrian's design" andthe work was justified by the "uncommon message the building was to convey"(Kostof 218). The above inscription is over the entrance to the Pantheon, althoughthe first Roman Pantheon built by Augustus Caesar's architect and ministerMarcus Agrippa was destroyed in the great fire of 8 A.D. Although influenced by Greek models, Roman architecture had a styleand shape all its own. 2nd Ed. If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again: Search for: or Click here to request an essay written just for you.

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