Greek and Roman Revival in Public Buildings in America   Term Paper ID:31531 Click to get this paper

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Paper Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to discuss the Greek and Roman Revival in public buildings, its background, history and development, and to provide an understanding of why it was appropriate for the time and how its popularity has wanted and has given way to more egalitarian and user-friendly civic buildings. Paper Introduction: Greek and Roman Revival in Public Buildings in America The purpose of this paper is to discuss the Greek and Roman Revivalin public buildings its background history and development and toprovide an understanding of why it was appropriate for the time but itspopularity has wanted and it has given way to more egalitarian and user-friendly civic buildings During the th century architects were very much on the lookout forthe next new thing This was a period of great change and advancements insociety Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. This is why kings and rulers have always invested inimpressive palaces and castles: for practical purposes such asfortifications, but also to impress the citizenry with their power (andkeep them in line). American architects took their cue from the English, and began usethe Georgian style in their own designs which they called "Federal" afterthe U.S. The National Portrait Gallery is a wonderful example of civic Greekrevival architecture - the 382, -square-foot building originally housedthe young nation's most treasured artifacts in the years before thecreation of the Smithsonian Institution in 1846 and the National Archivesin 1934. 162.Nye, Russell Blaine. Indiana Department of Natural Resources website. 8-9."Neo-Classical Revival Style." Indiana Department of Historic Preservation and Archaeology. Greek and Roman Revival in Public Buildings in America The purpose of this paper is to discuss the Greek and Roman Revivalin public buildings, its background, history and development, and toprovide an understanding of why it was appropriate for the time but itspopularity has wanted and it has given way to more egalitarian and user-friendly civic buildings. It is the only American home that everwas named to the UNESCO Worl Heritage List, along with such monuments asthe Taj Mahal, Pyramids of Giza, and Great Wall of China, and is consideredto be a prime example of neoclassical architecture in the United States("Jefferson", 1993). This use was to awe and inspire,but also (contextually) to exault the role of government as primeauthority. It was based on republican ideas andideals at a time when most of the world was controlled by monarchies. Americans adopted the neo-classical type of architecture in theirpublic buildings to claim and show respect for the deep historical roots ofdemocracy from these European cultures. Classical Greek and Romanelements included columns, round arches, heavy entablatures with elaboratedetail and often inscribed with inspiring and classic sayings. Previously,architecture had developed in a traditional manner, but by the beginning ofthe 18 's convention and tradition had been so shaken that it wasnecessary to show openness to the new while hanging onto the security ofthe classic. British architects became aware of true Greek and Roman architectureswhen James Stuart and Nicholas Revett published "Antiquities of Athens" in1762. During the 18th century, architects were very much on the lookout forthe next new thing. 42.Fentress, Curtis Worth. won their independence from England. Thebuildings were symmetrical in plan and often had wings or corner pavilions("Neo-Classical Revival Style" 2 4). The Cultural Life of a New Nation, 1776-183 , New York: Harper and Brothers, 196 . "Reviving a Greek Revival." Smithsonian vol. After 1815 a new era of European peace enabled travel, which allowedfor study of the past. Works Cited"Architectural Side of Thomas Jefferson." USA Today Magazine, vol 122, issue 2583, Dec. 1993, pp. Monticello (meaning"little mountain" in Italian) widely is considered one of this country'sgreatest architectural treasurers. Used primarily for government and civic buildings, the style wascommon for "institutions" and while it was used in residences, it was notas common as for larger, group-use buildings. (2 4). It is safe to say that architecture represents the civilization ofthe times and the broadest, most powerful expression of the way that peoplethought (and thought that others should think) about the strength of thepublic institutions. This was a period of great change and advancements insociety, technology and politics, and they felt that their architectureshould reflect both change and history, while reflecting an increasing"search for truth" in government and society. Accessed 13 November 13, 2 4; Available: http://www.in.gov/dnr/historic/neoclassical.html. Theybelieved that liberty was more important than power - they felt that theseideals had parallels to the ideas of Rome and Greece and the buildingsreflected their close feelings of identification with these parallels. Architects reverted to classic or medieval styles andopposing camps developed under the names of "Greek Revival" and "GothicRevival". Civic architecture continues to evolve, and the trend is to somethingmore user friendly than the awe-inspiring edifices inspired by Greek andRoman architecture. Today, our buildings tend to create the feeling thatthe government exists to serve the people and not the other way around(Fentress, 2 4). Montecello is an example of residential neo-classical architecture.Jefferson was a brilliant architect and urban planner. 46 Issue 5, 2 4, p. Theinterest in greek architecture was foreshadowed as early as 175 , whenGreek was considered to be better than Latin in the estimation of men ofculture. They liked to meld the newwith the old to find their new expression in the old world and in the new,and especially in their expression of their beliefs in their new societiesas embodied by their civic buildings. Dietsch, Deborah K. This produced various "revivals" which areespecially obvious in modern architecture in England. The Neoclassical or Greek Revival style was adopted by architects foruse in public buildings such as state houses and courthouses, and dominatedAmerican civic architecture between 182 and 184 (Nye, 196 ). "For the People." Contract, vol. Jefferson, who was moved bythe Roman style of architecture, placed his own version of the Pantheon onthe lawn of the University of Virginia. These examples provided inspiration for the resulting type ofarchitecture which was popularly known as the "Georgian style". These included historical items as significant and interesting asthe Declaration of Independence and a tent that was used by GeneralWashington during the Revolutionary War (Dietsch 2 2). 33, issue 9, 2 2, p. Americans believed they were shaping a government and a countrythat had not existed since Rome. If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again: Search for: or Click here to request an essay written just for you.

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